The Jhelum (Vyeth in Kashmiri, Vetesta in Sanskrit and Hydaspes in Greek) is the main waterway of the valley of Kashmir. It rises from a beautiful spring called Verinag. This spring is situated at the foot of a spur of the Pir Panjal mountain.
The Jhelum flows to a distance of 25.6 Kms to Khanabal like a nullah. From that place a number of tributaries join the Jhelum and make it navigable from Khannabal to WullarLake. Its total length in the valley is 177 kms. It flows in loops through the valley till it enters the Wullar; it flows out from its other side to Baramulla and assumes as fast nullah. This part is not navigable, as the river makes a very deep bed and acquires a swift flow.
Tributaries of the river Jhelum
1. The Vishav is fed by lhe Kaunsarnag lake which is about 3 Kms long. It joins theJhelum below Bijbehara. Kounsarnag is at an elevation of about 4000 meters above sea level in the Panjal mountains to the south of Kashmir. Ice is present in the lake even in summer.
The Vishav irrigates the Kulgam Tehsil and logs of timber cut in the forests in its upper course are floated down it to be transported to the valley.
2. The Romushi is another tributary of the Jhelum. It flows from Kharmarg to Pakharpur and flowing towards north-east. It joins the Jhelum at 75 deg. East longitude.
3 . The Dudhganga is another tributary of the Jhelum that flows from Ludurmarg and rises in the central Pir Panjal near Tata Kuti mountain. Two mountain streams, the Sangesafed and the Yachera, form this river. This river flows through Batmalu Swamp near Srinagar.(In city,it is now defunct)
4. The Sukhang is another important tributary. It rises near Gulmarg and irrigates a large area.
5. The Lidar is one of the largest tributaries of the Jhelum. It flows in a swift narrow stream from Sheeshnag lake to the east of Pahalgam. The Lidar passes through many villages of which Mattan (Martand) is very famous. The Kolahai and Sheeshnag streamlets join the Lidar at Pahalgam to make it a river
6. The Ferozpore Nullah is an important water-way in the western mountains of Baramulla-Gulmarg area. It collects water from many mountain streams, small lakes and springs. This mountainous area is mostly full of snow even in summer.
7. The Sind Nullah has its source in the Inner Himalayas at Dras and after it is fed by the Gangabal lake lying at Harmukh mountain (5150 meters), it joins the Jhelum at Shadipur. It is 96 Kms in length. The famous health resorts of Sonamarg and Ganderbal are situated on its banks. Its water is used for irrigation purposes and the 'Sind Valley Hydroelectric Power Project' uses its water at Gandarbal to produce electric power. It is navigable from Gandarbal downwards.
8. The Flood Spill Channel was constructed in 1904 to relieve the strain on the Jhelum in the city of Srinagar. By taking 2/3rd of the total flow in the river it helps the river Jhelum to regulate its water level while passing through the city of Srinagar.
It starts from springs of higher altitudes of kokernag achbal which is isn south then other streams like sindh from Jammu joins goes through straight to Pakistan plains of sindh of Pakistan at last in sea of middle east.
Very interesting and innocent expressions. Simplicity to the core.
"Wajood-e-zan se hai tasveer-e-kaynat mai rang
usi ke saaz se hai zindagi ka soz-e darun"
Simplicity, written loud and clear on these innocent faces. kahaan gaye wo din. I miss those times.
I remember my grand fathers. May Allah bless their souls.
What a devastating tragedy the young generation of modern fragile era have no interest, not in favor of our cultural traditional dresses instead a deep interest in Indian, western, Israeli customs, and enormous adopting these foul foreign customs.
According to reports by environmentalists it is said that Wular, one of the Asia’s largest fresh water lakes, has shrunk from 200sq km to 25 sq km in the last few decades.
It is so sad to see all the beautiful lakes, including the Dal lake, shrink fast owing to many factors including illegal encroachment, pollution and unauthorized constructions. 'Hope the administration takes emergency action to save whatever remains, The Anchar lake, I believe, is already gone !
By this time the phase of Shikaras on Jhelum had gone down. "Naavi Taar" (crossing river by boat or shikara) was altogether a beautiful experience.
Where has that "Venice of East" look gone !
Those days there were no motor vehicles, hence there was no pollution. No Turmoil, No Tension.This fellow with the shades and bicycle must have been the richest man in Srinagar then.
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